"कबीरा
खड़ा बाजार में, मांगत
सब की खैर। न काहु से दोस्ती,
न काहु से
बैर ।।"
Kabira Das says that we
all stands in a Market and should want welfare of everyone. We should
avoid friendship or enmity with anyone.
Few Markets that I
have seen and experienced are:
-
Highly organized markets:
-
Modern
Retail shops in which corporate are involved. They are highly
competitive and well equipped with all modern facilities. They are
fast in adopting new technologies.
-
Stock
and equity markets: Helpful in developing the equity funded
business. Very fast in adopting new technologies. Have started
including the low incomer intellectuals.
Innovation:
Easy merger and acquisition laws to facilitate the flow of capital
between High capital and very low capital and debt-trapped
business.
-
Organized
agricultural market: The market is owned by a benevolent
Government Farmers and traders get registration numbers and a
stall. There are officials and security guard to monitor the trade
and price. Farmers and traders get free transport facility in
Government transport system.
- Government supply of Ration and kerosene at subsidized rate.
- Small/Monopolistic shops and general stores.
-
Unorganized
squatting markets with poor infrastructures: The
market is owned by private land lords. Farmers and traders occupy
there place on chance and opportunity grasping basis. A person is
allotted for revenue collection.
Innovation:
Here I feel that the ticketing system like that in Indian
railway will be good. Government and corporate may try to take
these business.
Moving
Markets:
-
Organized: Business
in airplane,
ships, train and bus.
-
Semi organized: Business
through vehicles like cycle, 4 wheeled carts, tempo, bus and
general and sleeper compartments of Indian railway.
- Human Walking and/or with
Horse, Bull, Cycle/Motorcycle/2&4 wheelers, boat
Market
- Sales man+/Delivery man: Items
like grocery, Jewelery, fashion items, cloth, toy, tea, snacks
(biscuit, samosa, chops), egg, Pani Puri (Gup-chup), ice cream,
chana chur, fruits, sprouts, milk, curd, fried items, idli,vada,
date palms, noodles, sugarcane juice, lemon water, litti, etc.,
animals like goat and chicken, “Bageri” (a wild bird, considered
as agricultural pest, caught and killed for meat), dove, fish,
Medicines, animal fodder, LPG cylinders, courier, parcel,
passengers, bills, water, financial services, news papers and
magazines, etc.
- Service man: Hair cut and
shaving, body massaging, head massaging, ear cleaning, labor, job
hunters, sales man repair works, pest control and insecticide
spray,,mantra-tantra, entertainment (artist, jokers, snake charmer,
monkey dancers, orators, singers, magic), scavenging, cleaning,
putting wax/grease in vehicle, astrology, compounder, nursing,
beggars and begging, pick pocketing, rat catcher, moving honey bee
farming, detective works, security guards, drivers, cooks, tourist
guide, Astrologers, Physicians, Campaigners for a politician and a
party, missionaries, teachers, tent/stage makers, buyers (of
scraps, old newspapers and magazines), photographer, video recorder,
Artificial insemination, electrical service. etc.
- Innovation: Better organization based on bio-metric registration.
3. A property market:
- Currently it is highly
formality based, taking good time.
- In a rural/semi rural
property market, Mohri (Registrar) is the key official involved in
transfer of property title from one person to another. He may demand
Rs.30,000 to 40,000 for his work. Other officials are Ameen (Land
mapper), Land revenue collector, etc. Ameen may demand Rs.800-1000
for his one day work.
- The property trade
occurs at the district office.
- Official costs in a
Property trade is not based on the size of the land but on the piece
of work in a given date. In general, official and other costs in land
transfer on per meter square basis is 18 %. While the rest 82 % is
what the seller gets from the buyer. Price of my property sold in
year 2014-15 was at a price of Rs.1,300/square meter.
- Few (3-5) people are
required to be present with there voter ID, Aadhaar card, etc. to become
witness of the trade. Bio-metric procedures are also involved.
- At final stage an
official asks about the settled land price, reason for the property
sale and whether the seller has received the money or not. After
he/she gets satisfied, the trade is recorded in a computer.
- The procedures take
around one full day. 3 months time period is given for confirming the
trade and after that the final land documents are prepared. After
that the land buyer has to go for getting the “Dakhil Kharij”
papers, after which he/she becomes eligible for paying the land
revenue for his/her purchased land, which is around Rs.50/year.
- Innovation: On line
property trade, like that of a shares, or like a on line-birth
reservation in railway, will provide liquidity and convenience to the
traders.
- What if more than one inheritor claims right on an ancestral (dead/old/diseased relative's) property? Since money is important, all those who wants to get fresh land tax receipt, should be allowed to get it and should also be allowed to sell that property. But information about all those individually paying tax for a property, desiring to sell and getting first hand on selling, should be mentioned in the website. Why the Government should be worried about the problems in a family and among the inheritors? They should work on problems which is reported to them and not worry about the anticipated problems. In Ramayan, Ravan could govern Lanka, as his brother Kumbhkaron use to sleep for most of the time.
Land transgression and 2-3 lines of control
This is highly complicated and stressful issue. Involving severe violence, police and court cases. Indian philosophers have said about "
वीर भोग्य वसुंधरा " strong people enjoy the taste of this life on earth. Local proverbs says-जड़, जोड़ू, जमीन (Assets, Wife, Land) etc. requires proper single control (Lord Ram is preferred over Lord Krishna).
Let us see the example of Indian railway- Often we book ticket but when we travel on our seat with a confirmed ticket, many people tries to capture/share our seat/birth. Some times we tolerate and sometimes express unhappiness and call TTE (Train ticket collector) and railway police. The situation is very bad when we have a wait-listed ticket or general or no ticket.
Same thing happens with a property, especially when the property owner dies without properly making a Legal Will. In this, if the local governments doesn't support you, you may loose your inherited property. Land Inheritance laws depends on region and religion.
Getting fresh land tax receipt on regular basis shows your claim on inheritance, but if some of your property is in other's control and or in the control of another relatives, or if your faith, profession, etc. deviates, your claim will weaken.
If you have money, you can take support of Ameen, police or a lawyer, but if you are a pauper and in some debt traps, only God can save you.
Print
and Electronic Markets:
-
Here
Print media like newspapers,magazines and electronic media like
radio and Television are used. Simple and smart phones are used for
communications. Proper
power and electricity supply are required.
-
Smart
phones and computer with Internet, speakers, camera, microphone and
other accessories are required. Comfort and convenience are
high but initial fixed
and later recurring
costs are also high. Few
people have the required knowledge and facility. Though
they are good source
for knowledge transfer and entertainments. But use of digital wold
merely for entertainment and
senseless debates will
kill its importance.
Chances of cheating and
dragging into traps are also very high. Competition
is fierce and those with poor infrastructure cannot survive.
Abhorrence
towards
people in struggling
phase for loan
and job, no financial
support to people with poor credit
score, financial
and time based targets by telecommunication company, Banks levying
fees for its financial
services and
fine for not maintaining
proper bank balance, high targets by Google
ad sense
for its publishers, etc.
are current
challenges.
Innovation: Easy
financial support, technical
supports, proper
consultancy, e-governance for problem solving and trade
facilitation should be there. Cases of cheating, trapping, luring,
should be noticed and solved.